between invention and production was rather weak during the Second Industrial Revolution. Regional shifts in production were … neither accompanied nor followed by corresponding increases in invention. Instead, this paper finds that the geographic … appropriate to the particular industry in question. Even in the craft-based shoe industry, much of the invention came from those …

(electrical equipment and supplies) and maturing (shoes and textiles) industries, the geographic association between invention and … followed by corresponding increases in invention. Instead, this paper finds that the geographic location of inventive activity … industry in question. Even in the craft-based shoe industry, much of the invention came from those with the advanced technical …