This paper discusses how international trade is organized from export to trans-boundary transport to import. All evidence suggests that the transport sector is independent, may exercise market power and features strong economies of scale. We develop a model of a transport industry that operates...

An integrated management system is introduced when a company wants to achieve conformity of multiple norms with the aim of reducing the amount of paperwork, the time needed for assessment and the costs in construction and system maintenance. As the number of individual management systems has...

We study the licensing incentives of an independent input producer owning a patented product innovation which allows the downstream firms to improve the quality of their final goods. We consider a general two-part tariff contract for both outside and incumbent innovators. We find that technology...