An n-commodity, n-factor, K-country log-linear model is developed, with identical Cobb-Douglas production coefficients and identical consumer expenditure shares across countries, in which factor endowments are such as to permit positive production of all commodities in all countries, hence...

In this paper, we merge the heterogenous firm trade model of Melitz (2003) with the Ricardian model of Dornbusch, Fisher and Samuelson (DFS 1977) to explain how the pattern of international specialization and trade is determined by the interaction of comparative advantage, economies of scale,...

International competitiveness is often regarded as crucial for the attainment of gains from trade, which may lead policy makers to subsidize exports. This view is based on confusion between the concepts of competitive and comparative advantage. The paper argues that when comparative advantage is...