One hears little about the Planning Commission’s Framework for Economic Growth launched a year ago. This is indicative of its inappropriateness and lack of consideration of Pakistan’s economy or its structures and political economy. The Framework avoids tackling the core issues of taxation,...

Since the late 1970s, the "Primary Health Care" (PHC) approach in order to deliver "Health for All by the Year 2000" (HFA/2000), has been in vogue in all the underdeveloped countries (UOCs) of the world. Nearly all the developed and underdeveloped countries endorsed the proposals set out by the...

The health sector in Pakistan is riddled with numerous problems, constraints and contradictions. There is the pr{)QirnLQf a lack of health facilities inJural areas, of unemployed doctors despite the acute. shortage of trained medical personnel in the country

In this paper we examine the urban bias in the health facilities in Pakistan. Although urban areas in Pakistan contain less than 30% of the population, the health facilities are grossly over-represented here. We have argued that the evolution of the health sector has taken place under the...

There is indisputable evidence that health indices for women are far worse than those for men, yet women have limited access to health resources. Numerous reasons have been cited for the poor health of women, and include legal constraints to owning property, the lack of participation in the...

One of the many reasons why non-governmental organizations (NGOs) were considered to be part of the alternative development paradigm, was because the state, its institutions, and public policy, were unable to address a host of issues of underdevelopment. NGOs mushroomed in every corner of the...

This eBook is an effort for extraordinary times. COVID-19 has already spread and still spreading human woes around the globe. The loss and damage to the human life, the economic impact, emotional and psychological burden, losses in businesses and many other impacts are unknowable. The objects of...