Three improvement heuristics for the vehicle routing problem are considered: a descent heuristic and two metaheuristics Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search. In order to make an in-depth comparison of the performance of these improvement heuristics, their behavior is analysed on a heuristic,...

Recently, a trend towards horizontal collaboration in the supply chain has been gaining ground. Collaborative supply chains promise to improve sustainability and reduce transportation costs at the same time. This paper examines the possibility of collaboration and its implementation through a...

This paper applies several cost allocation methods to a real life case study of fresh produce traders, jointly organising their transportation from the auction to a joint transport platform. The allocation may differ depending on whether the costs are divided on a daily basis or aggregated over...