Recently, the calls for closer monetary co-operation between the Asian NICs and Japan have been becoming louder. The …

constitute long-term appreciation expectations on yuan and yen, which have made China and Japan vulnerable to U.S. interest rate … cuts and appreciation expectation shocks. For both China and Japan - at different points of time - self-fulfilling runs …

period, focusing on how these policies effectively marginalized European powers and the emerging Japan before the Yen … competition was most intense in cotton textiles between the U.S. and Japan. The literature identifies a devalued Yen, lower … advantage, the USA and Japan agreed to an export restraint in exchange for tariff stabilization at the start of the Commonwealth …