Poverty is typically measured as insufficient yearly income or consumption. In practice, however, poverty is marked by seasonality, economic instability, and illiquidity across months. To capture within-year variability, we extend traditional poverty measures to include a temporal dimension....

"We offer the second edition of this text as a resource for professors who, like us, want to show students that economics can make a positive impact-in their own lives and in society as a whole. We designed the text with our own version of a "dual mandate": to deliver core economic concepts...