Forest carbon sinks have been included in the Kyoto Protocol as one of the mechanisms for mitigating climate change. Consequently, credited sinks decrease the need to reduce emissions.We analyse in detail both the economywide and the sectoral effects of inclusion of carbon sinks as agreed upon...

Increasing scarcity of oil reserves and the high CO2 emissions from using oil have contributed to the development of renewable biofuels. Pulp and paper mill integrated forest biorefineries offer one important means to increase biofuel production. This study analyzes the effects of policies to...

We use a joint production model of timber production and carbon sequestration to analyse the financially optimum silvicultural strategies and the costs of carbon sequestration for Scots pine at the stand level in Finland based on individual-tree growth models. This study expands the earlier...

This article has a dual purpose. Firstly, it presents the nature and the recent development of migration to and from the Åland Islands by means of a probit model. Secondly, the model is estimated in such a fashion that its results are usable in a simulation model. The analysis is conducted by...

Ã…land, a small autonomous island province of Finland with 28,000 inhabitants, is base for commercial shipping employing - in and outside Ã…land - about 6 100 people, onboard and ashore, with an annual gross salary volume of 243 million euros and capital income of 275 million euros (2009)....