in Europe and Central Asia, altering their institutional and contractual arrangements, and creating disparities and … poverty and vulnerability. Social protection systems in Europe and Central Asia will need to be reformed to address these …

The end of the cold war has created a new and unprecedented type of mixed economy in Eastern Europe. This innovative up … quite different economic system will emerge. Mixed Economies in Europe presents new work by distinguished authors who offer …-orientated assessment of the formation and transformation of mixed economies in both Eastern and Western Europe. In particular, they …

Economic growth slowed sharply last year in Europe and Central Asia, as Russia's invasion of Ukraine, a surge in …

Europe and Central Asia continues to be negatively impacted by the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine, tighter … Europe and Central Asia region has been revised up to 2.4 percent for 2023. The pickup in growth reflects improved forecasts …

Economic activity in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region is expected to remain resilient but slow this year as a …

Europe and Central Asia (ECA) continues to be negatively impacted by the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine … increased frequency and severity. Economic growth for the emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) of the Europe and …-term pre-pandemic averages. Downside risks cloud the outlook for the 23 EMDEs in Europe and Central Asia. High inflation may …

Economic growth slowed sharply last year in Europe and Central Asia, as Russia's invasion of Ukraine, a surge in …