This study evaluates country funds versus American Depository Receipts (ADRs) as tools for international diversification. A portfolio of available ADRs from a specific country (i.e. an ADR index) should provide similar returns to an indexed country fund. We found, however, that ADRs provided...

The period of the global financial crisis can be characterized by the spillover of negative innovations among stock markets worldwide. Stock markets in Central Europe were not excluded as they are not isolated from global stock markets. Recently published scientific studies dealing with this...