Africa, Central Asia, and elsewhere, this paper proposes a microeconomic quantitative description of logistics costs. The …, which prevent the emergence of reliable logistics services. The business and donor community should push toward …

various proxies, including indices based on expert judgment in some cases. This paper focuses on logistics friction and draws … on a data set recently compiled by the World Bank with specific quantitative metrics of logistics performance in terms of … time, cost, and variability in time. It finds that the new variables that relate directly to logistics performance have a …