educational attainment. About 1 percentage point is attributable to changes in statutory retirement ages, although part of the … reason these effects are not larger is that in most countries, statutory retirement ages have not kept pace with life … retirement pathways through unemployment or disability schemes has been a major factor in the turnaround in the participation …

the dimensions of these demographic shifts can be combined with other dimensions related to employment, retirement and … participation and in youth preparedness for employment, both of which significantly influence life-long earnings and retirement …