The political-economic cycle can be caused as the consequence of the wrong political decisions, made with the aim of re-election and maintaining the political power. These decisions influence the macroeconomic indicators of the country and their presence is problematic in the advanced economies....

Economic development of countries, regions or entities operating on the market is possible when favourable economic conditions outweigh adverse conditions. Examining the development of European economy, it is possible to observe this regularity in the majority of periods, i.e. the bull market...

The second-hand clothing (SHC) market has seen dynamic expansion, driven by shifts in consumer attitudes. However, motivations underlying customer engagement in this market remain largely unexplored. Accordingly, this study investigates factors driving consumer sentiment towards buying used...

We consider the problem of model assessment by risk estimation. Variousapproaches to risk estimation are considered in a uni ed framework. This a discussion of various complexity dimensions and approaches to obtainingbounds on covering numbers is also presented.The second type of training sample...

Previous research implementing stratification on the propensity score has generally relied on using five strata, based on prior theoretical groundwork and minimal empirical evidence as to the suitability of quintiles to adequately reduce bias in all cases and across all sample sizes. This study...

In terms of risk measurement, probability and quantile risk estimation have developed enormously in the past decade, from value-at-risk measures to coherent measures such as expected shortfall. These measures allow an investor to determine their risk profile accounting for losses (quantiles) at...