achievement of plausible target unemployment rates, disaggregated by age and gender. Second, we analyze the job creation needs … coming decades. Overall, shifting demographics, changing labor force participation rates, reductions in unemployment to the …

unemployment to disability and no impact on the transition rate to employment or inactivity. More precisely, individuals just below …

U3, the official unemployment rate, is an inadequate gauge of labor-market slack and the extent to which it misinforms … varies substantially over the business cycle. The U6 unemployment rate is usually about 4 percentage points above U3. However …