We examine the different functions of the government and of local elites in eighteenth-century China by considering … results show that although higher grain prices commonly led to increased conflict across China, this pattern did not apply in …

This paper challenges established claims of comparable degrees of market integration in Europe and China on the eve of … process of market disintegration in 221 prefectures of Qing China. Comparing our results with those for grain price panels …

This paper challenges established claims of comparable degrees of market integration in Europe and China on the eve of … process of market disintegration in 221 prefectures of Qing China. Comparing our results with those for grain price panels …

and compare capital market development in Britain and China. Interest rates for Britain were lower than China's on average … are twice those of the Delta, and three or more times as high as elsewhere in China. Overall, our results suggest capital …