Standards are those generally agreed through repetitive use. They also make products and services more reliable. Thus, when developing standards, one should at first be aware of what the market actually needs not what the developers and providers want. If not, unnecessary standards will...

The article addresses the lack of focus, in the literature on work and communications technology, on the role played by communities of practice (CoPs) in mediating the impacts of technology change on work. It is argued that the particular characteristics of CoPs, the fact that they are regarded...