The growth of international trade between countries with sharply different levels of income has once again raised significant traditional concerns.

This paper reviews controversies regarding linkage of international trade and labor standards. Pressures for international harmonization of labor standards arise in the context of increased trade between countries with large disparities in wages, and also reflect the history of labor standards....

This paper concerns the gains from international trade in risky assets, with an application to the United States and Japan. I examine the role of international financial markets in diversifying the risks associated with the aggregate consumption opportunities of a nation (social risk) and the...

Summary Much of inter-regional trade in Africa is unrecorded and consists of smuggling. The Gambia is almost wholly enclosed within Senegal, yet official trade statistics show almost no trade between the two countries, failing to capture large-scale smuggling. Smuggling reflects pre-colonial...

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the effect of infrastructure provision on industry-level productivity and international specialization, as suggested by <link rid="b6">Clarida and Findlay's (1992</link>) model. We calculate total factor productivity (TFP) for 18 developed and developing countries and 10...

According to classical Ricardian trade theory, overall productivity differences between countries are manifested as differences in real labor incomes (absolute advantage), while the sectoral pattern of productivity differences determines trade patterns (comparative advantage). This paper...