Policy makers and governments also faced big challenges — from stabilizing the financial sector and restoring confidence and trust to countering rising unemployment and providing necessary safety nets as an estimated 50 million people risked losing their jobs as a result of the crisis. Despite...

This paper ranks the 17 benchmarked cities based on their performance on each of the seven topics. The results are presented here. Doing Business is easier in Ludhiana (Punjab), Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh), and Bhubaneshwar (Orissa). It is more difficult in Kochi (Kerala), and Kolkata (West...

It is apparent that business regulatory practices across economies have been gradually but noticeably converging toward the more efficient practices common in higher income economies. How much has the gap narrowed? Did some regions close the regulatory gap more rapidly than others? This paper...