We study whether subways alleviate road congestion by examining 45 subway line launches in China and using detailed data on road speed. Our difference-in-differences estimation finds that in the first year after a subway line is launched, rush-hour speed on nearby roads increases by about 4%....

Road networks are one of the useful indicators through which sustainability of urban sprawl for an existing urban area and for a proposed new urban development area can be measured. Therefore, it is necessary for transportation engineers and urban planners to conduct various studies in this...