unemployment, and end up being circumvented by informal contracts. This paper uses Brazilian microeconomic data to show that the … could have contributed to the ensuing higher rates of unemployment in the country. Moreover, the paper shows that states …

problems in its labor market, reflected in its high long–term and youth unemployment. Our analysis of the drivers of labor …

. The estimates suggest that non-cyclical factors account for at least half of the decline of the unemployment rate during … the period between 2004-Q1, when unemployment peaked at 10.9 percent, and 2011-Q4, when it marked a trough at 5.4 percent …

-market slack is captured by the level of shortterm unemployment. This equation explains inflation behavior since 2000, including … the failure of high total unemployment since 2008 to reduce inflation greatly. The fit of our equation is especially good … general Phillips curve in which core inflation depends on short-term unemployment and on expected inflation as measured by the …

. Employment has been rising, but the labor force expanded even more, resulting in higher unemployment mostly among vulnerable …

dividend of a rapidly expanding labor force is fading and further structural declines in unemployment are likely to be limited …