We measure the response time for each APEC country to an international treaty on environment issues as the time it takes to enter into force in the country since the treaty was first adopted by the international community. To account for the slow-to-respond countries, a truncated Tobit model is...

We survey the recent literature on the theoretical and empirical developments of the relationship between trade and the environment. The theory, driven by empirical findings, has progressed from the environment as a pure source of international comparative advantage in trade to a simultaneous...

Traditional analysis of the impact of competitive tendering on service provision has focused on costs and prices. Critics have argued that price reductions lead to lower quality. We tested this hypothesis using a two equation econometric model, with data from a panel of 61 cleaning service...