By investigating how locally available early childhood education and care quality relates to maternal employment … employment status and work hours changes, respectively. In East Germany, mothers with a child aged under three years who lived in … negative association of child-teacher-ratios with maternal employment was marginally significant. For mothers with older …

employment. Family policies that subsidize childcare and increase its availability have different effects on female labor supply … may depend on countryspecific pre-reform female employment and earnings, and childcare availability, costs, and quality. …

mothers' future employment. Previous research examined changes in women's attitudes and employment, or spouses’ adaptations to … indirect effect on attitude change of both partners through incentives for maternal employment. …