This article empirically analyzes supply-side and demand-side factors expected to affect innovation in clean coal … clean coal patenting and overall propensity to patent positively affects clean coal innovation. On the demand-side we find … strong evidence that environmental regulation of emissions, that is CO2, NOX and SO2, induces innovation in both efficiency …

In this article, I empirically analyze and compare the impact of innovation in green and non-green energy technologies … innovation has a statistically significant negative impact on economic firm performance. In contrast, nongreen energy innovation … private economic returns in terms of productivity are lower for green energy than for non-green energy innovation. …

innovation in the AI supply industries. However, this effect is small in magnitude and limited to service sectors and younger …