The paper described the historical use of commercial bills in Bank of England operations, and suggests that by making more active use of the policy instrument of central bank asset choice, and by acknowledging the connection between liquidity regulation and open-market operations, central banks...

The British monetary authorities tried to encourage lower long-term interest rates through their government debt management operations between 1962 and 1964, consistent with a recommendation of the Radcliffe report. The implementation of the policy was complicated by the need for the Bank of...

In the context of the widespread adoption of flexible exchange rates, the purposes of this paper are, first, to go over the well-tilled ground of the principles of balance-of-payments adjustment, trying to interpret these principles in ways relevant to current conditions, and second to discuss...

This paper divides money created by banking systems into two separate components, corresponding to a classification of the services provided by banking systems. The model of division into the amounts of intermediation and pure liquidity creation has some implications that are different from...

The paper advocates a reallocation of central bank assets towards easier-to-sell securities, so as to facilitate a tightening of monetary policy when needed, and descries how such a tightening might be carried out

Perhaps the greatest strength of the book is its account of the political environment in which the Bank of England operated: in particular it conveys very clearly the attitudes of Margaret Thatcher, her successive Chancellors of the Exchequer, Geoffrey Howe and Nigel Lawson, and their officials...

The paper reviews the arrangements for meeting additional post-crisis demand for international liquidity. It distinguishes between reserve creation and reserve pooling as a basis for multilateral liquidity facilities; reserve pooling arrangements carry the risk that, in a general crisis, all the...

Identificamos las semejanzas y las diferencias en la escala y la naturaleza de las crisis bancarias de 2008-2009 y de la Gran Depresión, y analizamos las diferencias en la respuesta de política a las dos crisis a la luz de los sistemas monetarios internacionales predominantes. Encontramos que...

The advent of the financial crisis in August 2007, and its subsequent intensification, has largely eroded the hitherto apparently sharp distinction between monetary and financial stability, and it has led to a revival of central bank co-operation. The purpose of this paper is to describe and...

The enormous increase in the United Kingdom’s national debt during the two world wars of the twentieth century meant that government debt management, which had hitherto been regarded as a matter of ‘budgetary convenience’, acquired great macroeconomic significance. The paper examines and...