This examination of the turn of the month (TOM) and turn of the year (TOY) effects in 50 international stock indices, for the period 1994--2006, characterises the degree that the effects are influenced by: (i) the gross domestic product of the economy, (ii) the sign of the return on the prior...

This review of the SAD hypothesis of Kamstra et al. (2003), hereafter KKL (2003), isolates four new problems. First, the KKL (2003) statistical model does not test the KKL (2003) SAD hypothesis. Second, KKL (2003) do not properly interpret their results. Third, KKL (2003) incorrectly specify the...

This study uses an alternative model specification to re-examine the influences of the new moon and the full moon on the daily returns of 62 international stock indices for the period 1988 to 2008. The fixed effects panel model incorporates the prior day effect and two calendar anomalies, i.e.,...

Kamstra et al. (2003, 2009, 2012) offer a seasonal affective disorder hypothesis to explain variations in the daily returns of stock indices. We examine Kamstra et al. (2012) new variable called SAD onset/recovery. The analysis reveals concerns for the validity of the SAD hypothesis.