The situation in Italy with regard to evaluation is unsatisfactory: the limited experience in carrying out evaluation, the inherent risks of its improper use, and the difficulty of reporting results in the presence of unclear objectives represent the major obstacles. However, progress on the...

This paper investigates the evaluation of R&D at the National Research Council of Italy (CNR) on the basis of the results of interviews with the Presidents of National Advisory Committees and the Directors of the Mission-Oriented Projects. The results show that the evaluation process is based,...

This paper analyses the results of the 1993 Community Innovation Survey (CIS). Fifty per cent of European firms introduced a product or process innovation during 1990-92. The share of innovating firms varies between industrial sectors and firm size. The percentage of innovating firms is higher...