In this article, the functioning of economic instruments related to the exploitation of road transport vehicles is elaborated. A critical overview of characteristics of different instruments as well as the usefulness of these instruments from the point of view of opportunities for application to...

This study assesses the state of the country's road and rail transport infrastructure, identifies issues and challenges in the implementation of the public road and rail transport infrastructure program, and generates policy insights based on the analysis. Quantity and quality indicators show...

Road transport is a source of emissions of which nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate matter (PM2.5), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are most damaging. The economic inefficiency caused by not including the emission externalities of vehicle operation in prices can be improved by using a vehicle...

We introduce a new microsimulation model built on household transport data to study the distributional effects of carbon-based fuel taxation of private road transport in Germany. Our data includes annual mileage at the car-level, the distinction between fuel types, as well as car-specific fuel...