Theoretical and empirical aspects of policy failures due to subsidies are discussed in the context of international trade. A general classification of subsidies that cause environmental externalities is presented. The economic and environmental impacts of producer subsidies on international...

This provides a short overview of the main themes of ecological economics (EE). It is

This paper looks at the costs of regulating the environment on economic growth in a model that has increasing returns to scale in production at lower levels of development. It concludes that these costs are low, as are the costs of moving from a non-optimal regulatory policy to an optimal one....

Environmental policy has intensively focused on information-based instruments that seek to change agents' behaviour through information provision. This information provision is generally considered as likely to ultimately improve environmental quality. We suggest a new and complementary way to...

Market based policies are fast becoming the recommended policy panacea for all the world’s environmental problems. Implicit in such recommendations is the theory that free markets, adjusted for externalities, can always create an “efficient” allocation of society’s resources. As a...

Economic theory suggests that liberalization of trade between countries with differing levels of environmental protection could lead pollution- intensive industry to concentrate in the nations where regulations are lax. This effect, often referred to as the “pollution haven” hypothesis, is...

The implications of factor mobility have received an increasing amount of attention in recent years. Markus Haavio's doctoral dissertation focuses on the significance of factor mobility in problems of pollution and environmental policy. The goal of the thesis is to re-examine the principle of...

How is it that environmental groups can have a strong impact on environmental policy but without much lobbying? This paper develops a model of ‘direct’ (lobbying the government) and ‘indirect’ (persuading the public) competition for political influence and finds that they are...

This chapter discusses the role of environmental morale and environmental motivation in individual behavior from the point of view of economics and psychology. It deals with the fundamental public good problem, and presents empirical (laboratory and field) evidence on how the cooperation problem...

It is generally known that forest fires are one of the main factors of environmental degradation. Although a great deal of scientific literature on this issue exists, little progress has been made to help us understand and explain the reasons for their appearance. In this work we highlight how...