Unplanned nuclear power plant (NPP) reactor trips due to operator error have frequently occurred during start-up and shutdown operations on account of operator workload and fatigue. Despite the need for efforts to reduce such human errors through human reliability analysis (HRA), most existing...

Cost estimation is an important part of project planning. Over the years different approaches have developed, taking uncertainty into account in the cost estimation processes in order to tackle the dynamic nature of projects. However, when implementing these approaches, some challenges have been...