May 2000 - Using the word capital to represent two different concepts is not such a problem when government is responsible for only a small fraction of national investment and is reasonably effective (as in the United States). But when government is a major investor and is ineffective, the gap...

The paper surveys theories of FDI and supporting evidence. A new theory flashes out a unique feature of FDI: hands on management style that enables investors to react in real time to changing economic environments. Equipped with superior intangible know how in screening firms, foreign direct...