We study countries choosing armament levels and then whether or not to go to war. We show that if the costs of war are … war is positive (but less than one) in any given period. Wars are between countries with differing armament levels and the … the probability of winning a war becomes more reactive to increased armament, the frequency of wars decreases. Finally, as …

, the war itself being an instrument of retribution. Today, this punishment theory of just cause has completely disappeared … just war theories that embraced the punishment theory to its current erasure - and whether the punishment theory may … by Kant and Vattel. Defenders of the theory, notably Cajetan, viewed punitive war through the lens of criminal justice by …

This article explores the underlying culture of war sustaining the setting of scenarios within cyberwar games. In …

behavioral foundations of weapons acquisitions to a general theory of arms races, with implications for the role of negotiations …, the balance of power, the timing of crises, and nuclear proliferation. Recent developments in economic theory are also … applied here to the problems of the arms race, nuclear proliferation, and the outbreak of war, yielding a deeper treatment of …

This chapter discusses the game theory models of peace and war. Game theory's relevance to peace and war was … critics trying to prove a priori that game theory is inapplicable. Some aspects of international relations (IR) game theory … cooperation; international negotiations; models of arms building, deterrence, and signaling resolve; the myth that game theory …