Infrastructure industries-including telecommunications, electricity, water, and gas-underwent massive structural … changes in the 1990s. During that decade, hundreds of privatization transactions valued at billions of dollars were completed … in these sectors in developing and transition economies. While privatization has received the most attention, reforms …

Infrastructure industries - including telecommunications, electricity, water, and gas - underwent massive structural … changes in the 1990s. During that decade, hundreds of privatization transactions valued at billions of dollars were completed … in these sectors in developing and transition economies. While privatization has received the most attention, reforms …

telecommunications. We present evidence of political influence over regulatory outcomes, and demonstrate the importance of regulatory … regulatory independence and quality in telecommunications in the 15 founding EU member states from 1997 to 2003. Beyond the …