The Shadow Wage Rate (SWR), like any shadow price, is a function of the social objectives set for the particular country. Brent [1984 and 1986] has argued that one should consider the number of uncompensated losers from a public investment as a third social objective (together with the usual...

The relationship between land use and biodiversity is important to understand the decision support systems in order to attain sustainability. Nowadays, land use and biodiversity management is focused on protected areas, discarding other habitats, tending to favor exclusive property rights over...