This paper assesses the effects of fiscal consolidations associated with public debt reduction on medium-term output growth during periods of private debt deleveraging. The analysis covers 107 countries and 79 episodes of public debt reduction driven by discretionary fiscal adjustments during...

This book explores Portugal's response to the 2008 economic crisis and how the country regained the trust of the global capital markets through investor support. The experiences and successes of Portugal are compared with the other Eurozone countries, in particular Greece which had to negotiate...

1. The background -- 2. Roadmap, preparations -- 3. Investors -- 4. Managing the different ecosystems: the international press, the rating agencies and the domestic public opinion -- 5. Restarting the engines: first issuance -- 6. The road to normalization had its ups and downs. 7. The final...