from payoffs. Corruption is not just an economic problem, however; it is also intertwined with politics. Reform may require …"This book suggests how high levels of corruption limit investment and growth can lead to ineffective government …. Developing countries and those making a transition from socialism are particularly at risk, but corruption is a worldwide …

opportunities for corruption and organised crime to flourish. Clear operational independence with accountability is essential for … bodies monitoring and assessing the extent of corruption. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Survey of …