Chapter 1: Background and Emerging Challenges -- Chapter 2: Theory of Fiscal Federalism and Local Fiscal Domain -- Chapter 3: Fiscal Decentralization and Local Area Corporate Social Responsibility -- Chapter 4: Globalization, Climate Change and Changing Face of Urban Public Finance -- Chapter 5:...

Local governments in Japan account for about 80 per cent of general government spending when excluding social security expenditures. Therefore, for the implementation of fiscal policy it is important how local governments will behave. On the basis of the economic theories on fiscal federalism it...

Local governments are facing large losses in revenues and increased expenditures because of the COVID-19 crisis. We document a causal relationship between fiscal pressures induced by COVID-19 and the layoffs of state and local government workers. States that depend more on sales tax as a source...