This paper is the table of contents and introduction to Royal C. Gardner, Lawyers, Swamps, and Money: U.S. Wetland Law … wetland mitigation banking; the tension between wetland mitigation bankers and in-lieu fee mitigation programs; enforcement … issues; and wetland regulation and private property rights. The book concludes with policy recommendations to make wetlands …

to wetland conservation. A Contracting Party to the Ramsar Convention must designate at least one site within its … territory as a Wetland of International Importance (known as Ramsar sites). To assess the benefits associated with this …

, alternatives to the command and control system of wetland policy were generally market-based incentives to encourage a cost … and regions have different programs, banking mitigation is the U.S. federal policy for watershed management and wetland … Valley in the United States to the wetland management ideas and initiatives of Alberta Canada. It is our thesis that the …