A flurry of recent articles has argued on the basis of constructed European widemonetary aggregates that the demand for EURO's will be more stable than thecurrent demand for national currencies. In policy circles this seeminglymoderating effect of monetary integration figures as an additional...

This paper explains and forecasts the demand for banknotes issued in Germany. For small and large denomination notes we estimate vector error correction models (VECM). The results suggest that the long-run demand for German small denomination notes is mainly driven by domestic transactions and...

We analyze the net issues of the national euro area central banks in relation to the dynamics of the shadow economy within a panel cointegration framework. Besides the total net issues, we distinguish between large, medium and small euro banknotes and take due account of other determinants of...