We address whether analysts bias earnings forecast revisions and convey the bias using forecast revision consistency, i ….e., the extent to which analyst reports with earnings forecast revisions include stock recommendation and target price … revisions consistent in sign with the earnings forecast revisions, the sign of which is the sign of earnings forecast revision …

-year forecast error. Our findings in the Saudi financial market reveal a tendency for overreaction to positive prior-year earnings … change (good performance) and positive prior-year forecast errors (good surprise). Conversely, there is an underreaction to … the negative prior-year earnings change (bad performance) and negative prior-year forecast error (bad surprise). Notably …