For decades, the extent to which US courts should enforce antitrust laws against state-led export cartels has been a subject of intense debate among academics, courts, and policymakers. As defendants in such cases often invoke comity-related defenses, the outcomes of these cases have turned on...

The three body problem in physics concerns the challenge of accurately calculating the interaction of three different bodies (e.g. planets). Examples include the motion of the Moon around the Earth as disturbed by the action of the Sun, or the movement of one planet around the Sun as disturbed...

The paper identifies some of the policy options to address the challenges discussed in the paper and that have been put forward in the on-going debate on international cooperation between competition authorities. However, it does not discuss them in great detail. These options should be further...