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This article analyzes corruption of law enforcement agents: payment of bribes to agents so that they will not report violations. Corruption dilutes deterrence because bribe payments are less than sanctions. The state may not be able to offset this effect of bribery by raising sanctions for the...
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Research in criminology has shown that the perceived risk of apprehension often differs substantially from the true level. To account for this insight, we extend the standard economic model of law enforcement (Becker, 1968) by considering two types of offenders, sophisticates and naïves. The...
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We analyze corruption in law enforcement: the payment of bribes to enforcement agents, threats to frame innocent individuals in order to extort money from them, and the actual framing of innocent individuals. Bribery, extortion, and framing reduce deterrence and are thus worth discouraging....
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retributive and distributive justice in criminal law theory. Likewise, there is considerable discussion of the relation between … corrective and distributive justice in private law theory. However, there is comparatively little discussion of the relation … between retributive justice and corrective justice, whether in criminal law theory, private law theory, or legal theory …
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cognitive biases, prospect theory, hedonic adaptation, hyperbolic discounting, fairness preferences, and other deviations from …
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tends to be very efficient and whose aim is in practice, and not only in theory, to punish as many criminals as possible …
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