This chapter covers the theory and methods for productivity measurement for nations. Labor, multifactor and total … factor productivity growth (TFPG) index. These are easiest to understand for the case in which the index number problem is … factor productivity measures are defined and are related to each other and to gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Their …

Malmquist productivity index overestimates productivity changes, since it provides productivity measures that are nearly twice … those given by the Luenberger productivity index looking for simultaneous contractions of inputs and expansions of outputs …This contribution establishes, from a theoretical viewpoint, the relations between the Malmquist productivity indices …

This study provides a new, more comprehensive measurement of technological novelty. Integrating insights from the …