This paper analyses urban-rural disparity in family planning use in India and in its constituent states and Union Territories during 1992-1993 through 2019-2021. The analysis reveals that urban-rural disparity in family planning use in India has decreased significantly largely because of...

This paper uses birth records from California and mothers who move to quantify the absolute and relative importance of birth location in early-life health. Using a model that includes mother and location fixed effects, we find that moving from a below- to an above-median birth weight location...