This paper analyzes influences on the credit standing of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), specifically the quality, diversification and single name concentration of their portfolios, and on the market practice known as Preferred Creditor Status (PCS), whereby sovereigns that default on...

The aim of this paper is to understand why firms choose to finance their fixed asset investments by informal credit. We examine the both country and firm level determinants of this choice in a cross-country setting. Data on informal credit use of firms is extracted from the Business Environment...