focuses on incumbent organizational power, or specifically, the strength of state and ruling party organizations. Drawing on … remained stable. Where state and ruling party structures were weak, governments were more likely to fall from power. Turnover … a new round of competitive authoritarianism. Where state and ruling parties were of medium strength, mineral resources …

This paper presents new evidence on the power sharing layout of national political elites in a panel of African … monolithically controlling power, we show that African ruling coalitions are large and that political power is allocated …

differences in the power structure of society: (1) the Ruler enjoyed weaker absolute power in Europe; (2) the People were more on … par with the Elites in China in terms of power and rights. Based on these narratives, we build a game-theoretical model … and analyze how the power structure can shape the stability of an autocratic rule. If we read greater absolute power of …