This article studies female participation rates as entrepreneurs during the 1877- 1908 period using data from the Santiago business license registry, census data and the trademark registry. The evidence reveals that business women in Santiago increased from 3 to 14 percent of the female labor...

In recent years, China's economic growth model has started to undergo a fundamental shift away from an export-led capital investment focus toward domestic consumption, productivity and higher levels of innovation. In this transition towards a more innovative, balanced and sustainable model,...

Belgium is associated with high-quality chocolate products and Belgian companies play an important role in cocoa processing. However, in historical perspective the global success and reputation of Belgian chocolate is a relatively recent phenomenon. Especially since the 1980s exports of "Belgian...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently the focus of much media attention and policy discussion. A historical perspective on AMR suggests that although the challenge of AMR is real, the doomsday tone of most commentary is unwarranted. That is partly because most of the gains in life...