This study utilizes an annual panel data for 48 US states from 1997 to 2018 to examine the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and real output measures within a multivariate framework. We find evidence of a bi-directional relationship between renewable energy and economic...

Natural gas has become an increasingly valuable resource and a global commodity. The demand for it has significantly increased. Japan, Korea and Taiwan heavily rely on liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports for their gas supplies from Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Australia and the Middle East. On...

Opinions about the Multi-Fibre Agreement (MFA) vary not only between importers and exporters but also within these groups depending on the costs and benefits accorded to each. This paper attempts to quantify the effects of MFA liberalization on developing countries with a focus on the...

In this article the changes in trade patterns introduced by the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) are examined. Variation in growth trends and the shift-and-share methodology are used to identify the impact of trade liberalization under AFTA on intra- and extra-regional commodity trade. Data at the...

This article develops a computable general equilibrium model of Vietnam to assess the long-run likely effects of the country's equitisation programs on its national economic outcomes and industries. Equitisation is found to be pro-growth as reflected in its contribution to increasing real GDP...