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frankophonen Afrika. Mit der Abwertung des Franc CFA am 11.1.1994 brach der Mythos der Stabilität dieser von Frankreich …
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During the 1980s and early 1990s many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries undertook reforms to promote financial sector deepening. Nevertheless, financial sectors in SSA countries remain among the shallowest in the world and, within Sub-Saharan Africa, financial depth in the CFA franc zone is...
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that 44 percent of shocks are smoothed via foreign aid from France, and 5 percent via central bank contributions, while … standard channels, while 63 percent are smoothed via foreign aid from France, 7 percent via central bank contributions, and no …
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This paper reviews the evolution of competitiveness in the CFA franc zone using a proposed comprehensive competitiveness framework. In particular, we examine competitiveness in the WAEMU and CEMAC regions by analyzing the ""environment"" and ""policy"" components of competitiveness and their...
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France. Nonetheless, this shift is likely to leave the CFA franc arrangements and operating features of the zone essentially …
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