The present analysis examines the initiation of necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship ventures in Canada from the … countries, I find that in Canada, both necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship appear to be procyclical, with new ventures …

Canada's universities each receive an annual operating grant from their provincial government to partially finance … product for Canada's ten provinces over the 1992-2019 sample period. The results confirm that real per capita government … funding to universities during an economic downturn. Provincial governments in Canada can smooth the total allocation over the …

current estimates of the output gap in Canada. We begin by assembling a new data base of quarterly realtime output estimates …