industrialization. The empirical evidence indicates that middle-class women in France were extensively engaged in entrepreneurship and …

the famous Encyclopédie in mid-18th century France. We show that subscriber density is a strong predictor of city growth … after the onset of French industrialization. Alternative measures of development such as soldier height, disposable income …

Industrialization experiences differ substantially across countries. We use a benchmark model of structural change to … countries can generate variation in industrialization experiences similar to those found in the data, including premature …